In 1998, the Japanese manufacturer Nissan presented a new 2.2-liter diesel engine with direct injection. Initially, it provided for Bosch fuel equipment, which was replaced in 2001 by Denso Common Rail system.
Structurally, the unit provides four valves for each cylinder, no hydrocompensators and double-row timing chain. A separate chain, operating from a vacuum pump, is located on the back side of the timing drive.
The engine provides for the availability of versions, both in atmospheric version, and with a turbine. The latter can have a bypass valve or variable geometry. In the European market, it was provided for a wide range of Nissan cars, in particular, Almera and Almera Tino, Primera, X-Trail. Not less number of car models with such diesel engine was produced for the Japanese market, which then got to the Russian aftermarket, for example, Nissan Sunny sedans and Nissan Wingroad station wagons.
Technical characteristics of the motor Nissan YD22 DDT 2.2 Di
The Nissan YD22 DDT 2.2 Di engine is a popular diesel motor that has been widely used in various Nissan car models such as Nissan Almera, Nissan Primera and Nissan X-Trail. This motor has been renowned for its reliability and fuel efficiency, making it suitable for both urban conditions and long trips. Let’s take a closer look at its main features.
Main Features
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Exact volume | 2184 cm³ |
| Power system | Direct injection NEO-Di |
| Power | 110 – 115 hp |
| Torque | 230 – 235 Nm |
| Cylinder block | Cast iron, R4 |
| Cylinder head | Aluminum, 16 valves |
| Cylinder diameter | 86 mm |
| Piston stroke | 94 mm |
| Compression ratio | 18 |
| Engine Features | No |
| Hydrocompensators | No |
| Transmission timing | Two-row chain |
| Fasor regulator | No |
| Turbocharger | Garrett GT1549S |
| Oil volume | 6.1 liters (5W-30 recommended) |
| Fuel type | Diesel |
| Environmental class | Euro 3/4 |
| Example service life | 280,000 km |
| Engine weight | 190 kg |
Description of construction and features
Cylinder block and cylinder head
The YD22 DDT engine has a four-cylinder (R4) design with a cast iron cylinder block for high strength and durability. The block head is made of aluminum and has 16 valves, which helps fill the cylinders more efficiently with fuel mixture and improves performance.
Fuel injection and turbocharging
One of the main features of the YD22 DDT is the NEO-Di direct injection system, which improves combustion efficiency and reduces fuel consumption. The motor is also equipped with a Garrett GT1549S turbocharger, which adds power at low rpm and improves overall engine performance, especially under heavy load conditions.
G timing drive
The timing drive design utilizes a double-row chain, which significantly improves engine reliability and reduces maintenance costs compared to belt drives.
Performance and life
Engine output ranges from 110 to 115 horsepower, which is sufficient for everyday use, especially when combined with 230-235 Nm of torque. The high compression ratio (18:1) improves fuel efficiency, which is important for diesel engines.
The average engine life is around 280,000 kilometers, which is not bad for a diesel unit. With proper maintenance, including regular oil changes (5W-30 is recommended) and filter changes, the engine can last longer without causing major problems.
The Nissan YD22 DDT 2.2 Di engine is a reliable diesel unit with good performance characteristics. It has a robust construction, turbocharging and advanced fuel injection systems, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. With timely maintenance and the use of quality lubricants, the motor is capable of lasting more than 280,000 kilometers without serious problems.
General reliability
Nissan engineers managed to create a fairly reliable and durable engine, devoid of pronounced diseases. The main part of the problems arising in the process of operation of the YD22DDDT is associated with the age of the motor or ignoring the elementary rules of maintenance. In some cases, such breakdowns lead to the need to replace the unit without the possibility of repair.
Weak traction and dips
In cases when a Japanese diesel engine briefly loses traction or demonstrates periodic power dips, the most likely cause of the problem is the air flow sensor or the electric vacuum supercharger pressure valve. A computerized diagnostic test will be required to pinpoint the problem.
In the presence of black smoke during active work with the gas pedal, you can state the lack of air in the fuel mixture created. This may be due to irregularities in the operation of the EGR valve or air leaks in the intake system. If the EGR flap is jammed, a significant part of the exhaust gas leaks directly into the cylinders.
Starting problems
Problem starting of the engine is often associated with poor operation of the fuel pump, as a result of which the fuel mixture has a low concentration of fuel oil. Specialists recommend using transparent tubing for the priming pump to monitor the degree of airing of the system.
It is possible that the difficulty of starting has nothing to do with the fuel system and is due to the poor condition of the starter, the force of which is not enough to rotate.
In cases where it is not possible to start the engine at all, it is worth checking the powertrain control relay. It is located below the glove compartment. There may be problems with the performance of the fuel injector.
EGR valve
It has insufficient resistance to contamination, and it gets stuck in the first place in the open position, after which a mass of exhaust gets into the cylinders, and the car starts to smoke seriously. It is not difficult to plug the valve, for which the plug is installed on the exhaust gas outlet pipe.
Turbine
For motors with a capacity of 115 “horses”, a turbine Garrett GT1549 is used, and more powerful versions assume a turbine Garrett GT18VNT or GTA1849LV with variable geometry. The turbine itself controls the bypass valve, which ensures that the optimum pressure is maintained.
The variable geometry is controlled by the electro-vacuum valve. It is among the most problematic elements of the 2.2 Di motor. It is characterized by breakdowns that require replacement.
The reliability of the turbine itself is good, which is explained by the insignificant value of the supercharger and the absence of constant heavy loads during operation.
The timing chain
The timing chain has a good reliability, and is able to serve up to 200 thousand kilometers, after which a change is required. The main sign of its stretching is the appearance of uneven engine idling. It may appear even if the chain is stretched 2-4 millimeters.
When the chain breaks, the drive is destroyed with damage to the valves, which are hit by the pistons moving forward. Specialists emphasize the sensitivity of hydraulic tensioners to oil viscosity, and if it changes, it is possible to occur jamming with chain stretching and the risk of jumping.
In case of chain replacement, it is recommended to replace hydraulic tensioners, which tend to wear out in the process of operation.
Vacuum pump chain
It is also characterized by stretching with the appearance of a pronounced metallic clang and simultaneous wear of the stars. In the case of slight stretching, the necessary tension level can be restored by loosening the tensioner bolts and leaning on it and manually tightening it.
In some cases, the drive chain will need to be replaced along with the chain and pretensioner. The pump shaft bearing is somewhat less likely to fail, resulting in noticeable play in the shaft.
Jets
There are no complaints about the reliability of the injectors, but at high mileage they are able to clang, while providing vibration to the engine when idling.
The condition of the injectors should be treated very responsibly, as they can lead to the death of the motor. If fuel starts to pour into the cylinders, its combustion takes place on the bottom of the piston. The latter in conditions of significant temperature loads is prone to the appearance of cracks. Today, this is the most common reason to search for contract diesels 2.2 Di/dCi.
Adjustment of thermal clearances
Changing the value of thermal gaps is carried out by selecting washers. First of all, adjustment is required to the valves of the exhaust system, for which the character sagging with a decrease in compression parameters in the system.
Deviations from the norm of thermal gaps can be understood by the characteristic tsokot cold engine, disappearing with its warming up.
PHFD
Used on the car, the fuel injector VP44 is not the most reliable among its classmates, and its repair costs considerable sums. Problems can arise both mechanically and electrically.
The control unit is mounted directly on the pump, having an insufficiently reliable board and a transistor of the fuel supply valve. Transistor burnout is due to strong heating from the appearance of air in the system, for example, after changing filters. In this case, the passing fuel does not provide full cooling. At the same time, experts note that on Nissan cars, the fuel injection system ECU VP44 is more survivable than on its versions for other power units.
A problematic place is the automatic injection advance ratio. It has its own valve, which provides for piston movement. Over time, there are wedges in its work, as a result of which the injection advance system begins to malfunction, not corresponding to the working cycles of the engine. The manifestation of this situation is a significant increase in vibration and the appearance of rumbling, as on a real tractor.
The breakdown of this valve can occur regardless of other elements of the fuel system.
Criticism in its address collects and fuel pump, so experienced masters recommend connecting an additional pump to the system, while using thinner fuel filters with a mesh size of less than 10 microns. A positive effect on the operation of the fuel injection system is the inclusion of two-stroke oil in the fuel composition, added in the amount of 500 grams per fuel tank.
Regular cleaning of the “mass” terminal and wires leading to the fuel pump, their protection from fraying in the process of prolonged operation will help to reduce the risk of problems.